美国怀俄明州刑法述评--以比较法为视角

美国的法律在试图向法典化迈进的征途中被深深地打上了其固有的英美法系传统的烙印,怀俄明州刑法一方面向法典化迈出一大步,另一方面也深深地烙上了美国实用主义文化的烙印.本文概述了该州刑法的主要内容,从比较法的角度上指出迈向法典化中的问题;同时指出法律规范是民族文化的积淀,两大法系的立法模式及其运作孰优孰劣,有待于法律运行的实效去检验,移植一项法律制度更为重要的是培育该制度赖以生根发芽的文化土壤.     

试析狱内激情犯罪及其预防

激情犯罪是一种人在强烈刺激因素介入下的犯罪.在狱内又犯罪案件中,故意杀人或伤害、过失致人死亡或重伤等激情犯罪,占有不小比例,且因其具有突发性强、极端鲁莽、危害性大等特点而最难预防和制止.对此,本文试就狱内激情犯罪的特点、原因及预防对策作一浅析.     

论确认和追究国家国际犯罪责任制度的可能性

由平等主体组成的国际社会和以国家间关系为主要调整对象的国际法并非不能产生确认国家的国际犯罪及其责任的制度,我们应该从国际法的角度理解国家的国际犯罪及其责任制度,在研究国家的国际犯罪责任时,注意区分国家的国际犯罪责任与国际侵权行为责任异同.     

Governing sustainable palm oil supply: Disconnects,complementarities, and antagonisms between state regulations and private standards

The global palm oil value chain has grown in complexity; stakeholder relationships and linkages are increasingly shaped by new public and private standards that aim to ameliorate social and environmental costs while harnessing economic gains. Regulatory initiatives in the emerging policy regime complex struggle to resolve sector‐wide structural performance issues: pervasive land conflicts, yield differences between companies and smallholders, and carbon emissions arising from deforestation and peatland conversion. Identifying opportunities for more effective governance of the palm oil value chain and supply landscapes, this paper explores disconnects, complementarities, and antagonisms between public regulations and private standards, looking at the global, national, and subnational policy domains shaping chain actors’ conduct. Greater complementarities have emerged among transnational instruments, but state regulation disconnects persist and antagonisms prevail between national state regulations and transnational private standards. Emerging experimental approaches, particularly at subnational level, aim to improve coordination to both enhance complementarities and resolve disconnects.     

Gender Inequality,Social Reproduction and the Universal Basic Income

Despite extensive attention being paid to the effects of the Universal Basic Income (UBI) on society at large, there has been little analysis on the relationship between gender inequality and UBI. The purpose of this article is first to reflect on the feminist arguments in favour of UBI and then to examine some of these points by also considering other available policies. By looking into the role of women’s work in both productive and reproductive activities, it is argued that UBI should not be disregarded as a social policy. However, its transformative capacity to empower women and to strengthen their role in society should not be overestimated. In order to address this gap, policy makers should address misconceptions around gender norms and acknowledge the multiple forms of women’s work across the social relations of production and reproduction.     

理解公共行政的新维度:政府与社会的互动

长期以来,对公共行政的理解是一种从政府角度的理解,其主旨是以官僚为中心,二分法和三个途径说是这一理解的代表性观点。随着新公共管理和治理的出现,这种传统的理解已经不足以对公共行政进行全面而准确的解释。公共行政生态的变化需要一种新的理解,即超越政府,从政府与社会组织共治的角度去加以理解,以期对公共行政有一种更全面的解释,并从中发现一些带有规律性的东西。     

Complexity and hybrid effects in the delivery and evaluation of youth programmes in a remote Indigenous community

Indigenous Australians continue to experience entrenched disadvantage. Despite billions being spent, ‘Closing the Gap’ indicators remain resistant to change. It has become increasingly apparent that progress has been hindered by persistent administration and implementation issues in Indigenous Affairs, especially with the funding modalities deployed. This study uses the remote Queensland Indigenous community of Aurukun as a case study to examine the effectiveness and evaluation problems arising from overlapping programmes delivered to Aurukun children and youth (5–18 years of age). It documents programmatic crowding occurring in Aurukun, which has the potential to place considerable demands on the intended participants, and results in hybridised effects that are not understood. Within this context, robust evaluation – even through the use of sophisticated methods – is near impossible.     

基层自治制度的理论阐述与路径选择

健全充满活力的基层群众自治制度,着力推进基层直接民主制度化、规范化、程序化是党的十九届四中全会决定的要求。通过开展基层社会治理体系和治理能力现代化研究,探索建立"自治、法治、德治"相结合的现代基层治理体系,加快形成共建共治共享的现代基层社会治理新格局。面对地方治理需求侧(社会公民的期望)与地方治理供给侧(地方政府能力)之间的落差,应摒弃地方政府与基层组织二元对立模式,建立全新的"分权、互动"基层自治的理论分析框架,将多元主体纳入地方治理体系来共同履行公共职责。通过借鉴国外的经验并经过创造性转化,为基层自治提供包括培养自治能力、培育自治组织、强化城乡社区自治协商、衔接居民自治与村民自治在内的充分而有效的制度供给。     

有效治理的双重实践逻辑——浙江T市“最多跑一次”改革分析

地方政府发起的治理实践在行动方向上有两种倾向：强推动与弱推动；在行动结果层面，又存在两种面向：无效与有效；在行动过程中为确保有效治理，常常需要整合正式制度与非正式制度的各自优势。浙江“最多跑一次”改革中综合运用规划政治、干部考核、小组机制、情感治理、一把手负责等策略，党政体系、正式制度与非正式制度、正式权力与非正式权力被整合调动，有效治理呈现出别具特色的双重实践逻辑。有效治理的双重实践逻辑，确保了政府行动的合法性，同时为制度自信与治理现代化提供基础性保障。     

货币演进的历史观与货币创造的政治经济学

一种流行的对现代货币理论的批评认为，现代货币理论忽视了金融市场在货币创造中的主体地位；现代货币理论的错误认识会导致政府对市场的过度干预。这种反对意见不仅误解了现代货币理论，而且建立在错误的历史观上，忽视了政府在市场经济中的重要作用。首先，现代货币理论形成了包括商业银行和政府在内的对货币等级结构的完整认识。其次，在历史上，财政作为货币创造主体的作用并没有让位于商业银行体系，相反，随着布雷顿森林体系的解体，国家财政的作用获得了极大的解放。再次，政府的货币创造具有生产性的一面，它在推动创新和生产力发展上扮演着重要角色；政府创造和回收货币并不是剥削，而是国家的公共目的所使然。最后，货币创造主体的制度设计及其争论的问题本质上是更深层次的政治经济学问题。